Dạy thêm lớp 11 ~ banhangonline

TRỌNG TÂM KIẾN THỨC UNIT 1 – FRIENDSHIP

I. INFINITIVE WITH “TO”: Động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”

1. Verb + to V1:

Dưới đây là một số động từ thường đòi hỏi động từ theo sau phải ở dạng nguyên mẫu có “to”:

Afford: có đủ tiền

Agree: đồng ý

Appear: có vẻ, dường như

Arrange: sắp xếp

Ask : hỏi, yêu cầu

Attempt: cố gắng

Care: quan tâm, chú ý đến

Claim: quả quyết, khẳng định

Consent: đồng ý, ưng thuận

Decide: quyết định

Demand: đòi hỏi, yêu cầu

Deserve: xứng đáng

Determine: quyết tâm

Expect: mong đợi

Fail: thất bại

Hesitate: do dự

Hope: hy vọng

Learn: học

EX: I can’t afford to have a holiday.

Manage: Xoay xở

Mean: có ý định

Need : cần

Offer: đưa ra đề nghị

Plan: dự định

Prepare: chuẩn bị

Pretend: giả vờ

Promise: hứa

Refuse: từ chối

Seem: có vẻ

Struggle: đấu tranh

Swear: thề

Threaten: đe dọa

Volunteer:tình nguyện

Wait: chờ đợi

Want: muốn

Wish: mong ước

Would like: muốn

EX: They plan to go to Ha Noi

2. Verb + O + to + V1

Dưới đây là một số động từ theo sau là tân ngữ và động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”:

Advise: khuyên

Ask: yêu cầu

Challenge: thách thức

Dare: thách

Expect: mong, hy vọng

Force: bắt buộc

Invite: mời

Order: ra lệnh

Permit: cho phép

Remind: nhắc nhở

Teach: dạy dỗ

Urge: thúc giục

Would like: muốn

EX: He advised us to wear large hats.

Allow: cho phép

Beg: van nài

Convince: thuyết phục

Encourage: khuyến khích

Forbid: cấm

Hire: thuê

Need: cần

Request: yêu cầu

Persuade: thuyết phục

Require: yêu cầu

Tell: bảo

Want: muốn

EX: The judge ordered him to pay a fine

3. Cấu trúc câu: It + be + Adj (for someone) + to + V1

EX: It is important for you to improve your English.

4. Cấu trúc câu: too + Adj + to + V1 : quá……. không thể

EX: I am too short to reach the shelf.

The question was too difficult for the boy to answer.

5. Adj/ Adv + enough (for someone) + to + V1

EX : My brother is not old enough to go to school.

6. Wh + to + V1: Sử dụng V1 sau Wh

EX: I haven’t decided where to go for the next holiday.

7. The first/ second/ last/ only + Noun + to + V1

Đây là hình thức rút gọn của mệnh đề tính từ, sử dụng to V1

EX: James was the last person to leave the office.

8. It takes (took) + O + to + V1

EX: It took me a couple of days to repair this machine.

II. INFINITIVE WITHOUT “TO”

Động từ nguyên mẫu không “ to “ thường được dùng trong các trường hợp sau đây:

1. Modal verbs + V1

EX: Peter can speak English very well.

2. Sau cấu trúc : Let’s + V1

EX: Let’s eat out tonight.

3. Sau Make/ Let/ Have/ Help* + O + V1

EX: My parents made me practise the piano 2 hours a day.

***Chú ý: 1. Sau động từ help ta có thể dùng động từ nguyên mẫu không hoặc có “to”

EX: Jack often help me (to) do my homework.

2. Khi động từ make được dùng trong câu bị động, nó phải được theo sau là to + V1

EX : The cashier was made to hand over the money by the robber.

4. Sau các động từ chỉ tri giác: see, hear, watch, notice, find, feel, observe, perceive, smell, + O + V1 : chỉ sự hoàn tất của hành động – nghe hoặc thấy toàn bộ sự việc diễn ra.

Ex: I saw her get off the bus.

Sau các động từ chỉ tri giác: see, hear, watch, notice, find, feel, observe, perceive, smell + O + Ving : chỉ sự việc đang diễn ra -Nhìn thoáng qua.

I. Which of the following words have the underlined letter pronounced /dʒ / and /tʃ/ ? Put them into the right groups.

change page lodge nature lecture challenge

future chilli branch message joke bridge

genius champion which July cheese age

jam French biology actual imagine joyful

II. Choose the best answers:

1. We are friends, but we don’t know much about their private ………………….

A. opinions B. feelings C. affairs D. tasks

2. I didn’t tell Andy about this because he is just a(n) ……………….

A. acquaintance B. colleague C. fellow D. classmate

3. To their close friend Cathy, …………. suspicion was the major cause of their divorce.

A. silent B. constant C. private D. mutual

4. Interestingly, she and I have a lot of things in………… and we have been close friends since then.

A. general B. common C. turn D. mutual

5. Besides ………….. and mutual trust, unselfishness is also important to have a lifelong friendship.

A. principal B. suspicion C. secret D. sympathy

6. In my opinion, no ………. should exist between two friends.

A. suspicions B. rumors C. loyalty D. enthusiasm

7. I’m planning ……. money because going abroad is too expensive for me……..

A. to save/ to afford B. to save/ affording

C. saving/ to afford D. saving/ affording

8. The lifeguard warned the holiday-makers……… too far from the shore.

A. not swimming B. didn’t swim C. not swim D. not to swim

9. My sister enjoys ……. on the beach. She’s decided …… a holiday in Ha Noi next summer.

A. to lie/ to spend B. lying/ to spend

C. to lie/ spending D. lying/ spending

10. We were really surprised …….. the news of their divorce.

A. to hear B. heard C. hearing D. to have heard

11. “My parents don’t let me ….. to parties very often.”

“Perhaps they think you ought …… more time studying.”

A. go/ to spend B. to go/ to spend

C. going/ spending D. going/ spend

12. The doctor advised Joe ……. but he found it impossible …….

A. stopped to smoke/ doing B. to stop smoking/ to do

C. stopping to smoke/ to do D. stop smoking/ doing

13. The water was too polluted for the explorers ……..

A. drinking B. have drunk C. drank D. to drink

14. Suddenly we saw someone …….in and ….. down right at the gate.

A. rush/ fall B. rushing/ fall C. rushing/ falling D. rush/ falling

15. William and Geoff made Cathy ……/…….. them next birthday party.

A. promised/ to join B. promise/ joining

C. promise/ to join D. promised/ joining

16. John advised me …… the facts before I made a decision ….. the job.

A. consider/ accepting B. to consider/ to accept

C. to consider/ accept D. considering/ accept

17. The children seemed …… too excited ……… silent.

A. being/ keeping B. being/ to keep C. to be/ keep D. to be/ to keep

18. I need you…… me ….. an outfit for Judy’s party.

A. to help/ choose B. help/ to choose C. help/ choose D. helping/ to choose

19. I’d rather ….. by plane than…….. a week travelling by train.

A. to go/ spending B. going/ to spend C. go/ spend D. went/ spent

20. Some parents think there are so many exercises for their children ……. at home, so they often help them ….. their homework.

A. do/ to finish B. to do/ finish C. doing/ finish D. doing/ finishing

21. Some people tend to view foreigners with………..

A. suspect B. suspicion C. suspicious D. suspiciously

22. The weather is very ……, so you should take an umbrella with you.

A. incapable B. mutual C. changeable D. unbelievable

23. A(n)…….. is a person that you know but who is not a close friend.

A. intimate B. true friend C. friendship D. acquaintance

24. They knew each other at primary school, and their friendship …… a lifetime.

A. took B. lasted C. spent D. continued

25. The wine had made him ……. of thinking clearly.

A. unable B. impossible C. incapable D. inaccurate

26. A(n)……. person is unlikely to keep a secret long.

A. talkative B. quality C. intimate D. selfish

27. Everyone needs a close friend to …… their joys and sorrows.

A. share B. present C. communicate D. feel

28. She had always been ….. to her husband.

A. sympathetic B. understanding C. enthusiastic D. loyal

29. There is a(n)…….. going around that the prime minister is going to resign.

A. information B. rumour C. news D. uncertainty

30. Our relationship is based on ……. respect.

A. mutual B. common C. uncertain D. selfish

31. I’m going to tell you something, but you must promise to ….. it secret.

A. take B. keep C. make D. have

32. We must do it……. or it will be too late.

A. slowly B. finally C. immediately D. lately

33. If the weather is…… , it can be sunny now and then suddenly it rains heavily.

A. lifelong B. influenced C. common D. changeable

34. A….. person is someone who only thinks about himself or herself and does not care about other people’s feelings.

A. secret B. selfish C. constant D. loyal

35. Make sure there is no …… between you and me.

A. quality B. constancy C. suspicion D. pursuit

36. “Thank you so much for your help, Steve.” – “…………”

A. That’s right B. I’m OK C. My pleasure D. Forget me not

37. “Shall I carry that bag for you?” – “………..”

A. Sorry. I’m late! B. There’s no need. Thanks C. I never mind D. You’re welcome

38. Peter is an old friend of mine. We ….. each other….. ages.

A. know/ for B. have known/ since

C. are knowing/ for D. have known/ for

39. This guidebook tells you how….. business in this country without….. the law.

A. to do/ violate B. to do/ violating C. doing/ to violate D. doing/ violating

40. I often wonder why she asked that question; it was a very embarrassing question……..

A. for ask B. to asking C. for to ask D. to ask

41. I ….. believe in his story, even though it may seem strange to many people.

A. do B. am C. very D. have

42. A true friend is not easily……. by rumour against his/ her own friends.

A. influence B. influencing C. influenced D. to influence

43. She seemed undecided whether …… or stay.

A. go B. to go C. going D. would go

44. I knew that she ………. for someone.

A. is waiting B. was waited C. has been waiting D. was waiting

45. There are people who can not keep a secret, either of their own ….. of others’.

A. and B. or C. nor D. not

III. Choose the underlined part in each sentence that needs correction:

1. All of his friends remained (A)loyal with(B) him even (C)if he was in (D)trouble.

2. There was not much (A) work for (B) me doing (C) so I left early (D).

3. I rang the office several times (A)but I didn’t (B) hear anyone to answer (C) my call(D).

4. Some people seem to be (A) incapable for (B) true (C) friendship (D).

5. My mother doesn’t allow anyone to smoke (A) in the house because (B) she knows smoking (C) can causes (D) a lot of serious illnesses.

6. My suspicious (A)was confirmed (B)when the police raided (C) the property (D).

7. I am delighted (A) hearing (B) that you have made (C) much progress in (D) your study recently.

8. Are we permitted to bring (A) some guests for (B) the ceremony?. I’d like to inviting (C) my close friend to join (D) us.

9. She saw a man to jump (A) through the window five minutes ago (B), but (C) she couldn’t remember (D) his face.

10. Simon finds (A) it hard (B) for making (C) friends with (D) other children.

IV. Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one: (For gifted students)

1. There is a lot of homework. I have to finish it today.

There is a lot of homework for………………………………………………..

2. The man was running out of the bank. Some people saw him then.

Some people saw the man……………………………………………………..

3. The robber forced the cashier to hand in the money.

The robber made ………………………………………………………………

4. He worked out the answer. It was clever of him.

It was……………………………………………………………………………

5. Marie always pays her bills regularly. She’s careful that way.

Marie is always …………………………………………………………………

Marie is always careful to pay her bills regularly.

6. He was crossing the road. I caught sight of him.

I noticed………………………………………………………………………….

I noticed him crossing the road.

7. Jimmy got into his car and drove away. I saw this.

I saw……………………………………………………………………………..

I saw Jimmy get into his car and drive away.

8. It is disappointing that we haven’t heard from Molly.

We are…………………………………………………………………………..

We are disappointed not to hear from Molly.

9. Contacting her at work is usually quite easy.

She is……………………………………………………………………………

She is usually quite easy to contact at work.

10. The house shook violently and all of us felt that.

All of us felt…………………………………………………………………….

All of us felt the house shaking violently.

11. Harry couldn’t get his parents’ permission to buy a motorbike.

Harry’s parents didn’t let……………………………………………………….

Harry’s parents didn’t let Harry(him) buy a motorbike.

12. We can’t possibly work in this noise.

It’s ………………………………………………………………………………

It’s impossible for us to work in this noise.

13. Joe’s sister didn’t let him use her car.

Joe was not allowed……………………………………………………………..

Joe was not allowed to use his sister’s car.

14. “Would you like something to eat?”

She offered to give……………………………………………………………….

She offered to give me something to eat.

15. Mike took his car to the garage to repair.

Mike had the garage ……………………………………………………………..

Mike had the garage repair his car.

16. This coffee is so hot that I can’t drink it.

This coffee is too …………………………………………………………………

This coffee is too hot for me to drink.

17. My parents force me to do my homework every night.

My parents make …………………………………………………………………

My parents make me do my homework every night.

18. There’s not much you can do in the countryside.

There’s nothing much …………………………………………………………….

There’s nothing much to do in the countryside.

19. Ann has to do some housework before going out.

Ann has some ……………………………………………………………………..

Ann has some housework to do before going out.

20. Jill offered to help us without hesitation.

Jill was willing ……………………………………………………………………

Jill was willing to help us.

V . Supply the correct form of the words in the parentheses:

1. It’s not a good idea …………... (drive) into the city in rush hour. (to drive)

2. Please let me …………..( try) this work again. (try)

3. Remember ………….…….(go) home after work, John. (to go)

4. I think what we have to do right now is……………. (clean) up the floor. (to clean)

5. I was too embarrassed …………….(say) anything to her then. (to say)

6. The newcomer is a very interesting person ………….(talk ) to. (to talk)

7. Your advice helped …………(improve) our relationship a lot. ((to) improve)

8. A passer- by saw the thief …………….. (escape) in a taxi. (escape)

9. They expected ………….(finish) the work before the winter. (to finish)

10 . I didn’t have enough time……………… (finish) my work yesterday. (to finish)

11. She made her son …….. wash the windows before he could go outside ……. play football.

Wash to play

12. She lets her children …….... ..(stay ) up very late. (stay)

13. We both heard him …….……(say ) that he was leaving. (say)

14. It’s important …….……..(start ) the meeting on time. (to start)

15. We manage ……..….(buy ) the car that we wanted.

16. I think you should ….…… (give) her some flowers.

17. Bill’s parents won’t let him……. (go) to the party.

18. We must ………… (reply ) to the invitation at once.

19. They would really like ………. (visit) the art gallery on Friday. (to visit)

20. Those boys might……. …(join) the football club this season.

21. Did the teacher make you ……….. (finish) your homework.

22. The actress was hoping …………. (get) a part in the new play.

23. She finally decided…………….(quit) the job.

24. I can’t afford ………………. (have) a holiday abroad. (to have)

25. Where did you learn ……………..(drive)?.

26. She made the children …………..(wash) their hands before every meal.

27. The children were made…………….(wash) their hands before every meal.

28. I don’t know why Jane refused……………(get) the job.

29. Do you intend ……………(send) her your invitation?

VI. Use the words and expressions below to make complete and meaningful sentences. Changes and addition are required, but no omission is allowed.

1. He / let/ son/ play/ computer games/ weekend.

He lets his son play computer games at the weekend.

2. We / delighted/ know/ you / pass / exam.

We are delighted to know that you have passed the exam.

3. Peter / be / last / person / leave / burn / building / that time.

Peter was the last person to leave the burning building at that time.

4. The boy / hear / sisters/ argue / next room.

The boy heard his sisters argue in the next room

5. There / be / a lot of / homework / do / next week.

There will be a lot of homework to do next week.

VII. Rearrange the following words to make meaningful sentences.

1. suitcase / police / his / made / The / the / open / man / officer.